PRESURGICAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF OMASUM IN BOVINES SUFFERING FROM FOREIGN BODY SYNDROME AND DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA IN COMPARISON TO APPARENTLY HEALTHY BOVINES
Abstract
This study involved 6 apparently healthy bovines (4 buffaloes and 2 cattle) and 50 clinical cases (43 buffaloes and 7 cattle) diagnosed with foreign body syndrome and diaphragmatic hernia. The objective of this study was to assess the anatomical positioning of the omasum using ultrasonography. Ultrasonography was conducted on standing animals secured in a travis, without sedation. The lateral side of the right thoracoabdominal wall (6th to 12th ICS) was shaved and cleaned with water. Omasum was examined with a 2.5–5.0 MHz convex transducer after applying transmission gel. Various measurements were recorded, including the distance from dorsal spine to dorsal most part of the omasum, the point of elbow to cranial most part of the omasum and the distance from last rib to caudal most part of omasum. Additional observations included the distance from the ventral midline to ventral border of omasum, the omasum’s dorsoventral and craniocaudal dimensions, wall thickness, visibility of omasal leaves, and any omasal motility. Ultrasonographic finding were correlated with intraoperative observations in bovines diagnosed with foreign body syndrome and diaphragmatic hernia. The statistical significant difference was not seen in mean distance from dorsal to ventral wall and from cranial to caudal wall of omasum among the three groups. A statistically significant difference was seen in the mean distance from the cranial wall of the omasum to the point of the elbow and from the caudal wall of the omasum to the last rib in bovines affected with diaphragmatic hernia compared to apparently healthy bovines and those affected by foreign body syndrome. These findings suggested that ultrasonographic evaluation relative to anatomical landmarks offers a reliable approach for assessing the omasum's size and positioning in bovines affected by foreign body syndrome and diaphragmatic hernia.While omasal size remained consistent across apparently healthy bovine, affected bovines with foreign body syndrome and diaphragmatic hernia. The location of omasum is seen cranially in cases with diaphragmatic hernia compared to both apparently healthy bovines and those suffering from with foreign body syndrome.
